In our body there has lot of secrets. We always curious to know about secrets of body. Anatomy that means your bodies movement process is one of them. So it is very essential to know about the secrets of body that can help you to know more about your body.
Respiration: Allows oxygen (O2) to be taken up the tissue & Carbon-dioxide (CO2) to be eliminated from the body.
a) Phases of respiration: Two process:
1) Inspiration: Active process.
It means intake of air into lungs.
Duration: 2 Sec.
2) Expiration: Passive process.
It means out put of air or to transport CO2 & other cellular waste product from the tissue.
Duration: 3 Sec.
b) Types of respiration: Two types:
1) External respiration: Intake of O2 & removal of CO2 from body is called
external respiration.
It includes 4 steps:
· Pulmonary ventilation
· Diffusion of O2 & CO2 between alveoli & blood
· Transport of O2 to the cells & CO2 from the cells to the lungs
· Regulation of respiration
2) Internal respiration: The utilization of O2 & production of CO2 & the
gaseous exchanges between the cells & their fluid medium.
1. To take in O2 from the environment
2. To give off CO2 from the body
3. To regulate the pH of the body
4. To defend the body against inhaled particles such as bacteria & Pollens
5. To act as circulatory filter in preventing clots from entering the system circulation.
6. To regulate several hormonal & humoral concentrations
d) Rate of respiration: is the total number of respiration per unit time.
At birth : 14-60/ min
1st year : 25-35/ min
2-4 year : 20-30/ min
5-14 year : 20-25/ min
Adult (male) : 10-18/ min
Adult (female) : 10-18/ min
Respiration : Pulse rate = 1:4
Respiratory tract:
A) Upper respiratory tract: from nose to the vocal fold.
1. Nose
2. Pharynx- Nso pharynx
Ora pharynx
3. Larynx- Up to vocal fold.
B) Lower respiratory tact:
Conducting zone:
1. Larynx- below vocal fold
2. Trachea
3. Two bronchi
4. Bronchioles
5. Terminal bronchioles
Respiratory zone (Lung unit):
1. Respiratory bronchioles
2. Alveolar duct
3. Atria
4. Alveolar sac
5. Alveolus.
This is the primary knowledge of
respiratory.That is very secrets of bodies movement that happened everyday in your body. If you have proper knowledge about anatomy you would be happy and keep healthy.
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